Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: It Is Time for International Consensus

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)2 has been defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with an onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Fetal complications of GDM include macrosomia (large baby, which leads to birth injuries), shoulder dystocia, and neonatal hypoglycemia, and adverse outcomes for the mother are an increased risk of cesarean delivery, pre-eclampsia, and hypertension during pregnancy, as well as a significantly higher risk of subsequent type 2 diabetes. Treating women with GDM reduces at least some of the adverse outcomes